Featured
This is the ninth and final blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the reproductive systems. The male and female reproductive systems produce sperm and egg cells, respectively. The male reproductive system consists of the testes, prostate
Featured
This is the eighth blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the endocrine system. The endocrine system uses hormones (chemical messengers) to control the body’s reproduction, metabolism, and energy level. The major endocrine organs include the
Featured
This is the seventh blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the urinary system. The urinary system filters blood while removing waste. It consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys are vital organs for
Featured
This is the sixth blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the digestive system. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and accessory organs. The mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus make
Featured
This is the fifth blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the respiratory system. The role of the respiratory system is to help the body take in oxygen and remove waste. The respiratory system consists of 2
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This is the fourth blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the integumentary system. The integumentary system consists of skin, nails, hair, and glands (organs that secrete things). It serves as the first line of defence against
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This is the third blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the immune system. The immune system consists of innate defences and adaptive defences. Innate defences are nonspecific and involve surface barriers and internal defences. Adaptive defences
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This is the second blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart and blood vessels. It transports oxygen and nutrients to the body’s organs so they can
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This is the first blog in a new series that introduces the major systems in the human body. In this blog, we’ll cover the nervous system. The central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) make up the nervous system. The CNS includes the brain and spinal cord
Health and Fitness
Inflammation is a response of vascularized tissues (contain vessels) that delivers leukocytes (white blood cells) and molecules of host defense from the circulation to the sites of infection and cell damage in order to eliminate the offending agents. It can be classified as acute or chronic depending on how long
Aging
Hormones are chemical products that are transported by the blood or body fluids. They have a specific regulatory effect on cells remote from their origin. Peptide (protein) hormones require intracellular secondary messengers to evoke a physiological response. On the other hand, steroid hormones bind to receptors in the nucleus, affecting
Aging
Stress is the psychological and physiological response to an event that one perceives as a threat or challenge. It can affect sensory perception, metabolism, mobility, emotional regulation, cognition, immunity, oxygenation, and perfusion. The perception or anticipation of a threat activates 3 major physiological systems: the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the sympathetic